Can acoustic indices reflect the characteristics of public recreational behavioral in urban green spaces?

•The acoustic indices e.g., Acoustic Complexity Index, Acoustic Diversity Index, and Acoustic Richness, exhibited spatiotemporal variation similar to public recreational behavior.•Power Spectral Density undergoes significant spatiotemporal characteristic, with different frequency reflecting the activity information of different recreational behaviors.•The acoustic indices can reflect both spatial and temporal variation characteristics of public recreational behavior in urban green spaces.