Diverse chemical components of PM10 emitted from different coal combustions resulting in distinct cytotoxicity

•Coal type affects particulate emission composition and cytotoxicity.•Water-soluble ions dominate PM10 from honeycomb, anthracite, and industrial coals.•PM10 from bituminous coal is dominated by carbonaceous components.•Heavy metals and water-soluble ions in PM10 strongly correlated with cytotoxicity.•Limiting anthracite coal combustion is crucial in air quality for public health.