New insight of Muller glial cells functions: focus on microRNAs-dependent manner

MicroRNAs belong to the family of non-coding RNAs that participate in cell proliferation, cell death and development. The Muller glial cells are the inherent and specific neuroglia cells in the retinal organisation and play significant roles in retinal neuroprotection, organisational maintenance, inflammation and immunity, regeneration, and the occurrence and development of retinal diseases. However, only a few studies report the underlying mechanism of how miRNAs drive the function of Muller glial cells in the development of retinal diseases. This review aims to summarise the roles of miRNAs in retinal Muller glial cell function, including gliogenesis, inflammation and immunity, regeneration, the development of retinal diseases, and retinal development. This review may point out a novel miRNA-based insight into retinal repair and regeneration. MiRNAs in Muller glial cells may be considered a diagnostic and therapeutic target in the process of retinal repair and regeneration.