The NANOGrav 12.5-year data set: A computationally efficient eccentric binary search pipeline and constraints on an eccentric supermassive binary candidate in 3C 66B
arXiv (Cornell University)(2023)
摘要
The radio galaxy 3C 66B has been hypothesized to host a supermassive black
hole binary (SMBHB) at its center based on electromagnetic observations. Its
apparent 1.05-year period and low redshift (∼0.02) make it an interesting
testbed to search for low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) using Pulsar
Timing Array (PTA) experiments. This source has been subjected to multiple
searches for continuous GWs from a circular SMBHB, resulting in progressively
more stringent constraints on its GW amplitude and chirp mass. In this paper,
we develop a pipeline for performing Bayesian targeted searches for eccentric
SMBHBs in PTA data sets, and test its efficacy by applying it on simulated data
sets with varying injected signal strengths. We also search for a realistic
eccentric SMBHB source in 3C 66B using the NANOGrav 12.5-year data set
employing PTA signal models containing Earth term-only as well as Earth+Pulsar
term contributions using this pipeline. Due to limitations in our PTA signal
model, we get meaningful results only when the initial eccentricity e_0<0.5
and the symmetric mass ratio η>0.1. We find no evidence for an eccentric
SMBHB signal in our data, and therefore place 95
signal amplitude of 88.1±3.7 ns for the Earth term-only and 81.74±0.86
ns for the Earth+Pulsar term searches for e_0<0.5 and η>0.1. Similar 95
upper limits on the chirp mass are (1.98 ± 0.05) × 10^9 M_⊙ and
(1.81 ± 0.01) × 10^9 M_⊙. These upper limits, while less
stringent than those calculated from a circular binary search in the NANOGrav
12.5-year data set, are consistent with the SMBHB model of 3C 66B developed
from electromagnetic observations.
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关键词
gravitational waves,eccentric supermassive binary,3c,multi-messenger
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