Fluviispira vulneris sp. nov., isolated from human wound secretions

Human infections by environmental bacteria is becoming an increasing problem and has become a matter of great concern due to the adverse effects worldwide. In this study, we reported a new environmental pathogen. Isolate GX5518 T was a novel Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, pleomorphic and red-pigmented bacterium, was isolated from human wound secretions (GuangXi, People’s Republic of China). Growth occurred at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and 10–37 °C (optimum, 28–32 °C) with 0–1.5% (w/v) NaCl in R2A agar. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that isolate GX5518 T was closely related to Fluviispira sanaruensis JCM 31447 T (99.73%) and Fluviispira multicolorata 33A1-SZDP T (98.49%). However, the estimated ANI values of the isolate GX5518 T compared to the F. sanaruensis JCM 31447 T and F. multicolorata 33A1-SZDP T were 88.67% and 77.35%, respectively. The estimated dDDH, ANI and AAI values between isolate GX5518 T and its closely related strains were below the threshold values generally considered for recognizing a new species. The genome size was 3.6 Mbp and the DNA G + C content was 33.1%. The predominant fatty acids (> 5%) in GX5518 T cells were iso-C 15:0 , C 16:0 , C 17:0 , C 17:1 ω 8 c and C 16:1 ω 7 c /C 16:1 ω 6 c . The major menaquinone was MK-8 (86.9%). The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and three unknown lipids (L1-3). The chemical composition was different from that of the F. sanaruensis JCM 31447 T . Comparative genomics analysis between isolate GX5518 T and its related strains revealed that there were a number of genes involved in resistance to antibiotics and toxic compounds in isolate GX5518 T , which were responsible for the copper homeostasis, cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance, resistance to fluoroquinolones, and zinc resistance. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genomic analyses, isolate GX5518 T (= CGMCC 1.18685 T = KCTC 82149 T ) represents a novel species of the genus Fluviispira , for which the name Fluviispira vulneris sp. nov. is proposed.