Spatial wavefront shaping with a multipolar-resonant metasurface for structured illumination microscopy
arxiv(2023)
摘要
Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) achieves superresolution in
fluorescence imaging through patterned illumination and computational image
reconstruction, yet current methods require bulky, costly modulation optics and
high-precision optical alignment. This work demonstrates how nano-optical
metasurfaces, rationally designed to tailor the optical wavefront at
sub-wavelength dimensions, hold great potential as ultrathin, single-surface,
all-optical wavefront modulators for SIM. We computationally demonstrate this
principle with a multipolar-resonant metasurface composed of silicon
nanostructures which generate versatile optical wavefronts in the far field
upon variation of the polarization or angle of incident light. Algorithmic
optimization is performed to identify the seven most suitable illumination
patterns for SIM generated by the metasurface based on three key criteria. We
find that multipolar-resonant metasurface SIM (mrm-SIM) achieves resolution
comparable to conventional methods by applying the seven optimal
metasurface-generated wavefronts to simulated fluorescent objects and
reconstructing the objects using proximal gradient descent. The work presented
here paves the way for a metasurface-enabled experimental simplification of
structured illumination microscopy.
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