Correction: Tailoring Columnar Austenite Grains in the Weld Metal of EH36 Shipbuilding Steel via CaF2-TiO2 Fluxes

Fused CaF 2 -TiO 2 fluxes are formulated to clarify the role of TiO 2 upon columnar austenite grains within the weld metal of EH36 shipbuilding steel subjected to high heat input submerged arc welding. As the TiO 2 content varies from 0 to 40 wt pct, weld metal geometries are significantly altered. Additionally, the volume fraction of columnar grains is found to experience a maximum value at 30 wt pct TiO 2 , which is inversely concurrent to the width variation.