Improving Gerontological Survey Participation With Mixed-Mode Response Options, Multiple Contacts, and Noncontingent Incentives

Background: Surveys are a prominent tool in gerontological research but are hindered by low response rates. This study examined methods to improve response rate among social workers, an understudied cohort in survey methodology literature. Methods: In this brief report, we analyzed factors that influence response rate using mixed-mode survey design (mail vs. online response) and randomized monetary ($10 gift card) and in-kind (continuing education coupon) noncontingent incentives with three reminder postcards among social workers (N = 307). Results: Response rate was 34.1% with more surveys returned via mail than online. Participants who received a gift card responded at a higher rate (46.33%) than those who received continuing education coupons (28.0%). The results add to the literature of survey methodology to improve response rates among social workers and support noncontingent gift cards and mixed-mode survey return procedures as best practices for reducing bias and improving the quality of gerontological research.