Same day discharge after minimally invasive adrenalectomy: a national study

Background Same day discharge (SDD) may be considered in some patients undergoing minimally invasive adrenalectomy (MIA). Recent studies have demonstrated similar outcomes between SDD and admitted patients; however, most excluded pheochromocytoma and adrenal metastases. This study evaluates 30-day complications and hospital readmission in a large cohort of patients undergoing MIA. Methods Adult patients undergoing MIA (2010–2020) for benign adrenal disorders, pheochromocytoma, and adrenal metastases were identified within the ACS-NSQIP database. Comparisons between patients having SDD versus admission were performed. Factors associated with 30-day complications and unplanned readmission were evaluated by multivariable regression modeling. Results Of 7316 patients who underwent MIA, 254 had SDD. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, although SDD patients had lower ASA class ( p < 0.001) and were more likely to undergo MIA for nonfunctioning adenoma or primary aldosteronism ( p = 0.001). After adjusting for covariates, higher ASA class and presence of medical comorbidities were associated with increased complications ( p < 0.001; p < 0.05) and unplanned readmission ( p < 0.001; p < 0.05). Additionally, prolonged operative time was associated with 30-day complications ( p < 0.001). Notably, SDD was not associated with increased complications (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.38–1.61, p = 0.502) or unplanned readmission (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.35–1.64, p = 0.490). The rate of SDD for MIA increased from 1.48% in 2017 to 10.81% in 2020. Conclusions Not all patients undergoing MIA should have SDD; however, the current analysis demonstrates a trend toward SDD and supports its safety in select patients with adrenal metastases and benign adrenal disorders including pheochromocytoma.