Toxicity assessment of CeO₂ and CuO nanoparticles at the air-liquid interface using bioinspired condensational particle growth

•Air-liquid interface cell exposure to high concentrations of aerosolized nanoparticles in under 10 min.•Demonstration of bio-inspired exposure system for reliable nanoparticle deposition from aerosol-phase.•Selection of different toxicity assays for air-liquid and submerged cell exposure.•Correlation of toxicity endpoints to global and local deposited dose.