Pathomorphological Changes in the Duodenum of Rats in Case of Subchronic Peroral Administration of Gadolinium Orthovanadate Nanoparticles Against the Background of Food Stress

In our research, we were interested in the actual presence of adaptive or nega- tive reactions in the wall of the small intestine of white rats under the influence of gado- linium orthovanadate nanoparticles in the range of doses (& AP;0.03-0.3 mg/kg of body weight) under conditions of food stress (due to an excess of fiber and lack of protein in the diet) and their degree of manifestation, since this type of ration disproportion occurs quite often in Ukraine. Nanoparticles of gadolinium orthovanadate have a significant potential for use in animal husbandry and poultry farming, as in the range of doses of 0.03-0.15 mg/kg of body weight, they prevent negative effects on the intestinal mucosa, even in conditions of feed stress. It has been established that administration of gado- linium orthovanadate nanoparticles in doses of 0.03 and 0.15 mg/kg of body weight to white rats with drinking water for 56 and 28 days, respectively, leads to activation of the mechanical and immunological barrier of the mucous membrane, as indicated by an increase goblet cells, hyperplasia of enterocytes of some crypts, thickening of villi and infiltration by lymphocytes of the own plate, which reach the control level 14 days after stopping their administration. However, increasing the dose of gadolinium orthovanadate nanoparticles to 0.3 mg/kg of body weight in conditions of food stress leads to the depletion of the adaptive capabilities of the intestinal mucosa and excessive activation of the immunological barrier, which were manifested by dystrophic changes from the 14th day of administration, which deepened to the 56th day and do not level off after 14 days after stopping administration.