Optimal Scheduling of Cascade Reservoirs Based on an Integrated Multistrategy Particle Swarm Algorithm

The optimal scheduling of cascade reservoirs is an important water resource management and regulation method. In the actual operation process, its nonlinear, high-dimensional, and coupled characteristics become increasingly apparent under the influence of multiple constraints. In this study, an integrated multistrategy particle swarm optimization (IMPSO) algorithm is proposed to realize the optimal operation of mid- and long-term power generation in cascade reservoirs according to the solution problem in the scheduling process of cascade reservoirs. In IMPSO, a variety of effective improvement strategies are used, which are combined with the standard PSO algorithm in different steps, among which beta distribution initialization improves population diversity, parameter adaptive adjustment accelerates convergence speed, and the Levy flight mechanism and adaptive variable spiral search strategy balance the global and local search capabilities of the algorithm. To handle complex constraints effectively, an explicit-implicit coupled constraint handling technique based on constraint normalization is designed to guide the update process into the feasible domain of the search space. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified in the mid- and long-term power generation optimization scheduling of the lower reaches of the Jinsha River-Three Gorges cascade hydropower reservoirs. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the other methods in terms of search accuracy and has the potential to improve hydropower resource utilization and power generation efficiency significantly.