A Review of Literature on the Scour Process under Different Jets Conditions

Scour is a natural phenomenon in alluvial streams around hydraulic structures due to the removal of bed material and often leads to their failure. Scour due to jets are the most prevalent form of scour seen downstream of hydraulic structures. This paper presents a detailed review of scour processes with respect to the effect of various parameters on scour under different jet conditions. Different aspects of the scour hole characteristics under various applications of jets have been reviewed, which include (1) scour process; (2) the effect of parameters such as impinging height, jet impact angle, aeration, size of sediment particle, and sediment gradation; (3) flow characteristics within the scour hole; and (4) temporal variation and time taken to reach an asymptotic state of scour depth. Moreover, the experimental findings of various researchers on the development of the scour profile geometry and their applicability to large-scale conditions have been summarized.