Spanish secondary education in pandemic: aids, materials and didactic resources

The teaching-learning processes are mediated by the use of materials designed for educational purposes and selected media to support the process. During the confinement period, the teachers who found it more difficult to adapt to the new situation were those who based their learning model on content or content and competencies (mixed model), in which the most widely used resource is the textbook. It is worth considering whether, as a result of reflection, the pandemic brought about a change in the use of teaching media. Thus, the present investigation analyzed the use of means, materials and resources used in secondary education centers with a Spanish curriculum after confinement. The study was carried out between October 2020 and January 2021. Students of the Master's Degree in Secondary Education Teacher Training at the Distance University of Madrid provided data, through a questionnaire on educational innovation, on 177 classrooms in which they had carried out their internships. The analysis showed a mastery of technological and audiovisual media, used in 87% of the classrooms. The use of print media was around 70% compared to manipulative media, which did not reach 30%. This trend towards digitization was accentuated in Mathematics, while Spanish Language and Literature stood out for the use of print media. On the other hand, in public education this predisposition to the use of ICT was appreciated to a lesser extent with respect to subsidized and private schools.