Multidimensional Applications and Challenges of Riboswitches in Biosensing and Biotherapy

Riboswitches have received significant attention over the last two decades for their multiple functionalities and great potential for applications in various fields. This article highlights and reviews the recent advances in biosensing and biotherapy. These fields involve a wide range of applications, such as food safety detection, environmental monitoring, metabolic engineering, live cell imaging, wearable biosensors, antibacterial drug targets, and gene therapy. The discovery, origin, and optimization of riboswitches are summarized to help readers better understand their multidimensional applications. Finally, this review discusses the multidimensional challenges and development of riboswitches in order to further expand their potential for novel applications. This article focuses on riboswitch applications in two main fields: biosensing and biotherapy. These fields have significant cross-cutting directions, such as food safety detection, environmental monitoring, metabolic engineering, wearable biosensors, live cell imaging, antibacterial drug targeting, and gene therapy, to expand more novel riboswitch applications.image