Autologous hematopoietic recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case-based review.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is widely applied for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, but autologous hematopoietic recovery (AR) after allo-HSCT is rare clinically, especially after myeloablative conditioning (MAC). The mechanism of AR remains unclear so far, but the prognosis for most patients is relatively good. Second transplantation is preferred after disease relapse. Starting from a real-life clinical case scenario, herein we reviewed some of the crucial issues of AR in light of recent refinements, and discussed our patients based on the current evidence.