Water-based medium-expansion foam depopulation of adult cattle

Current options for depopulation of adult cattle outlined in the “AVMA Guidelines for the Depopulation of Animals” are limited, have logistic constraints, and may not be practical on a large scale. Water-based foam is advantageous because the necessary equipment is readily available, easy to use and presents minimal personnel risk. Foam has been successfully used to depopulate poultry but no research has been conduct­ed on cattle.