Nerve Injury Monitoring During ENT Surgery

Abstract Intraoperative nerve monitoring during otolaryngologic surgery allows for identification of nerves susceptible to injury during surgery using electromyography. Commonly monitored nerves include the facial nerve (VII), recurrent laryngeal nerve (X), and spinal accessory nerve (XI). Specialized equipment is necessary for electromyographic (EMG) monitoring of these nerves, and collaboration between the otolaryngologist and anesthesiologist is required. Medications such as neuromuscular blockade should be avoided in order not to disrupt EMG signals. Careful electrode placement and vigilant monitoring are important components of intraoperative neuromonitoring. Early recognition of postoperative nerve injury is crucial, particularly in recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, which may result in stridor, airway obstruction, or aspiration.