Japan Coma Scale as a Scale to Assessment the Severity of Multi Trauma Patients

Aim: The Japan Coma Scale (JCS) is a criteria standard for assessing the consciousness in prehospital and emergency care settings. Our aim was to assess the relationship between Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and JCS scores as well as compare them to the outcomes of trauma patientsto see if JCS can be used instead of GCS in the emergency department. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control field study using cross-sectional data in the emergency department that evaluated 268 trauma patients, including 86 women and 182 men from September to December 2020, who were referred to the Tabriz emergency department. A checklist in the emergency department gathered patient information, which was then compiled using in-hospital charts and prehospital records. The level of consciousness of the patients was assessed using the JCS (1-3) and GCS (3-15) scales, and the outcomes were compared. Results: Two hundred-twenty nine of the 268 patients examined were discharged, while 37 were admitted to the hospital. Unfortunately, two of the patients passed away. The relationship between GCS and JCS of patients is significant, strong, and inverse (Pv=0.001; correlation coefficient=-0.999), according to the data analysis. In the JCS, the sensitivity of the test is 64.10%, the specificity is 100%, the positive predictive value is 100%, and the negative predictive value is 94.24%. Thus, in GCS 82.05%, 100%, 100%, and 97.03%. Conclusion: based on the findings of this study and the important correlations in patient results between GCS and JCS, using JCS instead of GCS has a major effect on improving the process of caring for trauma patients in the emergency room, and it can be recognized as a standard coma scale.