A Novel Polysaccharide Separated from Panax Notoginseng Residue Ameliorates Restraint Stress- and Lipopolysaccharide-induced Enteritis in Mice

Polysaccharides are rich in Panax notoginseng residue after extraction. This study aims to explore the structural characteristics of PNP-20, which is a homogeneous polysaccharide, separated from P. notoginseng residue by fractional precipitation and evaluate the anti-enteritis effect of PNP-20. The structure of PNP-20 was determined by spectroscopic analyses. A mouse model with enteritis induced by restraint stress (RS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to evaluate the pharmacological effect of PNP-20. The results indicated that PNP-20 consisted of glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), Mannose (Man) and Rhamnose (Rha). PNP-20 was composed of Glcp-(1 ->, -> 4)-alpha-Glcp-(1 ->, -> 4)-alpha-Galp-(1 ->, -> 4,6)-alpha-Glcp-(1 ->, -> 4)-Manp-(1 -> and -> 3)-Rhap-(1 ->, and contained two backbone fragments of -> 4)-alpha-Glcp-(1 -> 4)-alpha-Glcp-(1 -> and -> 4)-alpha-Galp-(1 -> 4)-alpha-Glcp-(1 ->. PNP-20 reduced intestinal injury and inflammatory cell infiltration in RS- and LPS-induced enteritis in mice. PNP-20 decreased the expression of intestinal tumor necrosis factor-alpha, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3, and nuclear factor-kappa B and increased the expression of intestinal superoxide dismutase 2. In conclusion, PNP-20 may be a promising material basis of P. Notoginseng for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.