Multilayer, -type, and -level Networks

Ecological networks include a great range of complex phenomena and there are many ways in which basic network topology can be translated into structures that include and take advantage of those complexities. As with other areas of network science, which has evolved from or through many different disciplines, there is a diversity of terminology associated with these diverse topological structures which may appear to lack systematic or consistent application. Our endeavour here is to present that diversity of structures and clarify their application in the ecological context.