Advances in Imaging Modalities for Pediatric Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors.

In the current manuscript we discuss standard imaging sequences including advanced techniques like DWI, DTI, susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), various perfusion weighted imaging approaches including arterial spin labeling (ASL), dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) imaging and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) imaging. Pre-, intra and postoperative surgical imaging including visualize imaging will be discussed. The value of connectomics will be presented for its value in neuro-oncology. Minimal invasive therapeutic possibilities of interventional neuroradiology and image guided laser ablation and MR guided high intensity focused ultrasound will be presented for treatment of pediatric brain and spinal cord tumors. Finally, a comprehensive review of spinal cord tumors and matching neuropathology has been included.