Recent Advances in Nanomaterials-Based Sensing Platforms for the Determination of Multiple Bacterial Species: A Minireview

Pathogenic bacterial contamination poses serious threats to human health. Detecting multiple bacteria accurately and quickly is crutial to prevent potential risks. Nanosensors have unique properties for disease diagnosis and target detection. This review summarizes recent progress in simultaneously detecting multiple bacteria using functional nanomaterials with four types of signals: fluorescence, electrochemical, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and visual readout. The review discusses design principles, nanomaterials, sensitivity, operation time, advantages, disadvantages, and the challenge in translating these nanosensors to the market. This review provides valuable insight for developing multi-target biosensors using nanomaterials in different industries.