A Battery Electric Vehicle Transportation Network Design Model with Bounded Rational Travelers

With governments worldwide emphasizing environmental protection and the global focus on carbon reduction, the battery electric vehicle (BEV) industry has developed rapidly. An urban transportation network with BEVs as the main form of transportation will soon become mainstream. Motivated by the abovementioned background, a BEV transportation network design problem is investigated, and a network design model is established. The model aims to minimize the system travel time of BEV transportation networks and optimize the government's lane expansion scheme (the location and number of lanes) under a limited budget. To consider the travel characteristics of BEV drivers, the charging time, range anxiety, and bounded rationality factors are simultaneously incorporated into the model. A heuristic algorithm is designed based on the active set algorithm to obtain the local optimal solution to the actual-scale problem. Moreover, a cutting-plane method is used to convert the original problem into a different form, and a column generation technique is embedded in the abovementioned algorithm to avoid the enumeration of paths. Sensitivity analyses of different levels of rationality of BEV drivers and government investment scales are performed. The experimental results demonstrate that the model and algorithm can effectively solve the problem and provide decision support for the government in formulating transportation infrastructure construction policies.