Tumoroids, growing pre-clinical models for oncology

La re'cente e'mergence des cultures d'organoi..des tumoraux, ou tumoroi..des, a permis d'enrichir le re'pertoire des modeles pre'cliniques en oncologie. Tres proches de la tumeur dont elles de'rivent, ces microtumeurs offrent de nombreuses possibilite's en termes de recherche fondamentale, telles que l'e'tude de la carcinogenese ou de la chimiore'-sistance, de validation pre'clinique de nouvelles mole'cules a vise'e anticance'reuse, ou encore de personnalisation des traitements. Divers de'veloppements techniques et l'enrichissement des tumoroi..des par l'addition d'autres types cellulaires sont actuellement en cours pour ame'liorer la pertinence de ces modeles et exploiter de facon optimale leur remarquable potentiel. The recent emergence of tumor organoid cultures, or tumoroids, has enriched the repertoire of preclinical models in oncology. These microtumors are obtained in vitro by including cells from patient tumor samples in an extracellular matrix and cultured in specific media. Very close to the tumor of origin, tumoroids can be amplified fairly rapidly from a small quantity of tissue, established with high success rate for most tumor types, easily genetically engineered, and stored in biobanks. Tumoroids thus offer numerous possibilities in terms of basic research, such as the study of carcinogenesis or mechanisms of chemoresistance, but also the identification of new targets and preclinical validation of new anti-cancer compounds or personalized medicine. Technological developments and enrichment of tumoroids with other cell types are currently ongoing to optimally exploit the full potential of these models.