How to improve pollutant emission performances of household biomass cookstoves: A review

Solid fuel combustion in traditional cookstoves results in severe household and ambient air pollution. To solve this issue, it is important to improve the pollutant emission performances of biomass cookstoves. For clean, improved biomass design, it is essential to identify the main factors influencing pollutant emissions and deter-mine their proper settings. Many previous studies have focused on this point, but most of them have explored one or more aspects rather than carrying out integrated analyses, which makes it difficult to determine the direction to focus on for improvement. In this study, the related literature published from 2000 to 2022 is reviewed; the popular testing methods and evaluation indicators are summarized; and the carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM) emission factors in different configurations are identified for statistical analyses. As per the results, the dominant factors influencing CO, NOx, and PM emissions have a high degree of overlap, involving the combustion phase, some fuel property parameters (including fuel type, densified tech-nology, and moisture content), cookstove type, air supply structure, and refueling operation. Therefore, more attention should be paid to these factors to significantly improve cookstove emission performances. This review will contribute greatly to providing an appropriate technical proposal for cleaner biomass cookstove design and manufacture in the future.