Intelligent Search Strategy for Doppler Frequency Based on Fuzzy Logic in DSSS Signal Acquisition

This study focuses on a Doppler frequency search strategy for signal acquisition in direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) systems. According to DSSS signal accumulation energy vibration characteristics, the whole 2-D search region can be divided into the non-vicinity region, the transition region, and the vicinity region. If only one search strategy is used for the whole region, it is difficult to balance the frequency search times and the frequency estimation accuracy. To solve the above problem, this study proposes an intelligent Doppler frequency search (IDFS) strategy. A fuzzy logic (FL) controller with two sets of fuzzy parameters is utilized to adjust the frequency search step size in the non-vicinity region and the vicinity region, respectively. In the non-vicinity region, by jointly considering signal amplitude and code phase to design the fuzzy parameters of the FL controller, the IDFS strategy can reduce the frequency search times while reducing frequency false detection caused by an abnormal change of signal energy. In the vicinity region, the fuzzy parameters are designed based on our previous work, which aims to achieve higher frequency estimation accuracy. The effectiveness of the IDFS strategy is evaluated through Monte Carlo simulations. Simulation results show that the proposed intelligent search strategy can reduce the frequency search times while ensuring frequency estimation accuracy compared to other existing search strategies. Moreover, the proposed search strategy can reduce false detection in the non-vicinity region