Systematic Literature Review on the User Evaluation of Teleoperation Interfaces for Professional Service Robots.

Remote-controlled robots can perform common tasks, thereby minimizing the exposure to the risks faced by employees in hazardous occupations. The focus of the review in this paper is on the user evaluation of teleoperation interfaces of service robots used in organizational/professional settings. Our study is motivated by the lack of review of user evaluation methods and metrics specific to teleoperation interfaces rather than an evaluation of the robot itself. Grounded in a user-centered approach to design, the three research questions in this review were guided by the three major factors that form the design space for product and service development (Context, Technology, User). The findings of this article are categorized based on areas of application or context of use, technologies used to operate the interfaces, and tools and techniques used to assess user needs as well as user perception of developed solutions. Based on the reported findings, the article provides suggestions for future research that aims at designing interfaces for human-robot collaborations in the workplace.