Review of Emerging Concepts in Distribution System State Estimation: Opportunities and Challenges.

Distribution System State Estimation (DSSE) infers the states (e.g., voltage phasors) using measurements from the electric distribution grid. As the distribution network becomes more active due to the increasing penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER), a deeper investigation into conventional DSSE approaches is needed. This review paper focuses on state-of-the-art techniques and challenges for DSSE in the context of emerging concepts, such as new sensor technologies, data-driven approaches, and high DER penetration.