Cadaveric analysis of transcranial versus endoscopic transorbital petrosectomy: comparison of surgical maneuverability and brainstem exposure.

ETOA could be a valid surgical option, in selected cases, that provides a direct ventral route to the brainstem. Compared with ATPA, ETOA showed less surgical maneuverability, AOA and longer surgical depth; however, it presented comparable brainstem exposure and better exposure of the lateral brainstem.