Role and mechanisms of noncoding RNAs in the regulation of metabolic reprogramming in bladder cancer (Review).

Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common type of urothelial cancer. The role of metabolic reprogramming in tumors is gradually gaining more attention and being investigated. Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are strongly related to BLCA metabolic reprogramming. ncRNAs are able to directly regulate the expression and function of metabolic enzymes, or indirectly regulate them through a number of important pathways to regulate metabolism in BLCA cells. The mechanism of the development of BLCA has not yet, to the best of the authors' knowledge, been studied and identifying how ncRNAs act in metabolic reprogramming in BLCA may assist with developing BLCA treatments. In the present review, a summary of the ncRNAs participating in the metabolic reprogramming of BLCA was provided. The regulation of ncRNAs in glucose, lipid and amino acid metabolism was also detailed. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of ncRNAs in the metabolic reprogramming of BLCA and potential treatment strategies that track cancer cell metabolism by regulating the expression of particular ncRNAs were discussed.