Long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylates induce cytoskeletal abnormalities and activate epithelial–mesenchymal transition in both renal cell carcinoma 3D cultures and Caki-1 xenografted mouse model

•LCPFACs increased the expression of EMT-related proteins in Caki-1 2D/3D cultures.•Cytoskeletal abnormality was evident in all cells treated with all PFACs.•LCPFACs increase Caki-1 migration in vitro.•LCPFACs increase EMT-related protein levels in tumors of Caki-1 xenograft mice.•Liver toxicity was observed in mice treated with LCPFACs but not SCPFACs.