Primary Retinal Detachment Repair in Eyes Deemed High Risk for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Surgical Outcomes in 389 Eyes

Purpose: To evaluate surgical outcomes in eyes with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) deemed at high risk for postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).Design: Retrospective, consecutive case cohort study.Participants: Eyes undergoing primary RRD repair with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or combined PPV with scleral buckling (PPV/SB) between January 1, 2016, and December 30, 2017, at Wills Eye Hospital.Methods: Eyes were defined as "high risk" if >= 1 of the following risk factors for PVR was present on pre-operative examination: preoperative PVR grade A or B, vitreous hemorrhage, RRD involving >= 50% of retinal area, presence of >= 3 retinal breaks, history of prior cryotherapy, presence of choroidal detachment, or duration of RRD > 2 weeks. Surgical failure was defined as an additional intervention required for the retinal reattachment.Main Outcomes Measures: Single surgery attachment success (SSAS) rate 3 months after first surgical intervention for primary RRD.Results: Of 2053 reviewed charts, a total of 389 eyes (18.9%) met the definition of high risk and were included in the analysis. Mean patient age was 63.5 years. PPV/SB was performed in 125 (32.1%) eyes and PPV alone in 264 (67.9%) eyes. SSAS rate of the overall cohort was 71.5% at 3 months. SSAS rate was significantly higher in eyes treated with PPV/SB compared with PPV (80.8% vs. 67%, respectively, P = 0.006). On multivariate analysis, use of PPV/SB was the only feature associated with SSAS (odds ratio, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-3.69, P = 0.019).Conclusion: In eyes with primary RRD and risk factors for PVR, overall SSAS was 71.5% after primary repair. In this cohort, use of PPV/SB was associated with a significantly higher SSAS compared with PPV alone.Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article. Ophthalmology Retina 2023;7:954-958 (c) 2023 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology