Testing Patterns and Disparities for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency.

Although slowly improving, testing for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency continues to have a low uptake in the clinical setting despite guidelines recommending broader testing. Persons of White race and those with concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and liver disease are more likely to be tested, while older subjects, persons of non-White race, current tobacco use, and men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are less favored to be tested.