Effect of Climate and Competition on Radial Growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Forest in Hulunbuir Sandy Land of Inner Mongolia, China.

(1) Background: The forest of var. is an important semi-arid ecosystem in Hulunbuir sandy land that plays a key role in the carbon cycle and wind erosion control. It is crucial to explore the main factors affecting the radial growth of trees of var. . (2) Methods: The study established the tree-ring chronology of var. and analyzed the relationships among the radial growth, competition index, and climate variables using correlation analysis and a linear mixed effect model to explore the influence of competition and climate on radial growth of var. . (3) Results: The results indicated that tree growth is mainly affected by the maximum average temperature (T) and precipitation in June and July of the current year and that tree growth significantly decreased with increasing competition pressure. Analysis of the linear mixed effect model showed that tree age, competition intensity, self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index (scPDSI) from May to July, and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) have a significant impact on radial growth. (4) Conclusions: The competition plays a dominant role in radial growth of var. compared to climate factors. This study helps to understand the growth mechanism of var. forests under climate change and provides a scientific basis for effective management of semi-arid forests.