Reversal of subtype-selectivity and function by the introduction of a para-benzamidyl substituent to N-cyclopropylmethyl nornepenthone.

The discovery and development of novel μ-opioid receptor (MOR) antagonists is a significant area to combat Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). In this work, a series of para-substituted N-cyclopropylmethyl-nornepenthone derivatives were designed and synthesized and pharmacologically assayed. Compound 6a was identified as a selective MOR antagonist both in vitro and in vivo. Its molecular basis was elucidated using molecular docking and MD simulations. A subpocket on the extracellular side of the TM2 domain of MOR, in particular the residue Y2.64, was proposed to be responsible for the reversal of subtype selectivity and functional reversal of this compound.