Evaluation of incontinence and lymphedema in gynecological cancer patients along with their impact on the quality of life

Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the patients who developed both urinary incontinence and lymphedema in gynecological cancer survivors and to investigate the impact of these conditions on the quality of life among these patients. Methods Our study included 56 patients who have lymphedema and urinary incontinence which started within first 2 years after surgery for gynecological cancer. We evaluated the presence of urinary incontinence by Overactive Bladder Assessment Tool (OABT) and Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI). Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) was used to assess the quality of life. Results OABT and UDI scores were found to be statistically significantly increased in patients with grade 3 lymphedema (respectively p : 0.006, p : 0.008). A statistically significant difference was found between lymphedema grade 1–2–3 patients in terms of IIQ-7 ( p :0.002). The difference was statistically significant between the grade 1–3 ( p :0.001) and grade 2–3 ( p :0.013) groups. We did not find any correlation between age, type of cancer, radiotherapy, and urinary incontinence. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between BMI and OABT, UDI scores (respectively, r = 0.43, p = 0.001; r = 0.38, p = 0.003). Conclusion It was concluded that there was a relationship between urinary incontinence and grade 3 lymphedema in gynecological cancer survivors. Grade 3 lymphedema increases urinary incontinence and worsens daily living functions in these patients.