Estimation of root canal conicity of deciduous canines evaluated by nano-CT

Purpose To estimate the taper of root canals of deciduous maxillary and mandibular canines by nano computed tomography (nano-CT). Methods This in vitro study involved CT scan analysis of nine maxillary and five mandibular primary canines. The images of each tooth were reconstructed using OnDemand3D software. Thereon, diameter and taper analyses were performed on the free FreeCAD 0.18 software for the three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design model. Statistical analysis was conducted using Stata v14.0 software, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results 3D image reconstruction was performed, considering the diameters obtained along the entire length of the tooth root, and the conical model was built with a height of 10 mm. The diameters of the maxillary canine at points D 0 (0 mm), D 5 (5 mm), D 7 (7 mm), and D 10 (10 mm) were 1.62, 1.07, 0.78, and 0.49 mm, respectively, with a significant difference between the four points ( p = 0.0001). Regarding maxillary canine root taper values in the cervical, middle, and apical regions, the values were 12%, 14%, and 10%, respectively. For mandibular canines, the mean diameter values obtained at points D 0, D 5, D 7, and D 10 were 1.51, 0.83, 0.64, and 0.45 mm, respectively, with significant differences among the four points ( p = 0.005). The inferior canine root tapers in the cervical, middle, and apical regions were 14%, 10%, and 6%, respectively. Conclusion The detailed knowledge of the root morphology of maxillary and mandibular deciduous canines, as it has been shown in vitro using nano-CT, is critical to achieve accurate and efficient endodontic treatments.