Incidence, mortality, and risk factors of acute kidney injury after immune checkpoint inhibitors: Systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world evidence.

AKI episode is frequently observed during ICI exposure for cancer treatment, but ICI induced nephrotoxicity is only occasionally. Higher risk of AKI during ICI therapies was significantly associated with specific comorbidities, concomitant of certain drugs, ipilimumab and ICI combination therapies.