Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function During Early and Late Pregnancy in Women With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Women with overweight or obesity and GDM, compared with those without GDM, have worse IS and β-cell function early during pregnancy and a greater subsequent decline in IS and blunted increase in β-cell function. Increased fasting and 1-h OGTT plasma glucose concentration early during pregnancy are markers of increased GDM risk, albeit with weak predictive power.