Triboelectric nanogenerators as self-powered sensors for biometric authentication.

As a prerequisite for ensuring the safety and stability of people's daily lives, security monitoring has become increasingly important in the current rapid development of the economy. Intelligent sensing technology with lower power consumption will promote the upgradation of electronic devices and expand new application requirements. In this review, the recent progress in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as self-powered intelligent sensors for monitoring different kinds of biometric characteristics is summarized, including sliding behavior, handwriting behavior, keystroke dynamics, gait characteristics, and voice characteristics. Additionally, the applications of self-powered systems based on TENGs in individual electronics authentication and home security are comprehensively summarized. Finally, the remaining challenges and open opportunities are also discussed.