Characterization of Serotypes and Molecular Drug Resistance Patterns of Haemophilus influenzae in Kunming Children.

The present study aimed to determine the capsular serotype distribution and antimicrobial drug resistance patterns of from children in the Kunming region of China. This information could guide policymakers in clinical treatment. In the present study, isolates were tested for their serotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and presence of β-lactamases. One-hundred forty-eight strains isolated from children 0-2 years old were investigated for capsular types by glass slide agglutination and molecular methods, and biotyped by the biochemical reactions. The drug resistance-encoding genes , , and the gene mutations , and were detected with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The prevalence of β-lactamase-producing strains (60.3%) was significantly higher ( < 0.05) than non-enzyme-producing strains. β-Lactamase-producing strains were multidrug resistant to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, cefuroxime, and cefaclor. Among β-lactamase-producing strains, the detection rates of the , , , and were 54.1%, 18.9%, 11.8%, and 6.9%, respectively. The biotyping results show that most strains were of type II and III. Non-typeable e (NTHi) accounted for 89.3% of the strains. NTHi strains were the most prevalent in this region; most belonged to biological types II and III. β-Lactamase-positive ampi-cillin-resistant (BLPAR) strains were prevalent among isolates in this region.