Mathematical model of ciliary flow and entropy for carreau nanofluid with electroosmosis and radiations in porous medium: A numerical work

Functionalizing the nanoparticles like titanium oxide (TiO2), silica (SiO2), and aluminum oxide (AI2O3) with therapeutic agents like anticancer drugs, antibiotics, or gene therapy agents allow targeted delivery and controlled release. We investigate how thermal radiation in Carreau constitutive model base liquid (blood) affects the flow of a ternary-hybrid nanofluid made of the said particles. Connecting the conduit to battery terminals outside accounts for entropy and electroosmosis. After translating the observation model into a wave frame, lubrication theory's physical limits are used to better explain the wave phenomena. The study uses Mathematica NDSolve to simulate boundary value issues using shooting. The Carreau fluid has a 17-18% higher heat transfer rate than the Williamson fluid, according to the literature. Elastic electroosmotic pumping, cilia motion, and magnetic fields improve fluid transport. Ternary hybrid nanofluids improve transport mechanisms and thermal conductivity. Elastic electroosmotic pumping and cilia motion produce the least entropy and increase thermodynamic efficiency.