Anion detection employing synthetic chemosensors in aqueous media

Water is a vital component of our daily life. A variety of human-caused climate change as well as natural geochemical aging of soil and rocks leads to water pollution. Through water the pollutants can easily enter human and animal food network. These contaminants include heavy metals cations, anions, pesticides, cosmetics, polymers, dyes, and drugs. When consumed through the contaminated water these toxins can cause direct injury to human beings and animals even at concentrations slightly higher than the permissible limit. Thus, wastewater or contaminated water treatment is a major goal for scientists and policymakers these days. To remove the contaminants from water, first and foremost, the pollutants must be identified. As a result, many techniques are used and/or being developed to validate water adulteration, such as detection of pollutants using nanocomposites, supramolecular approaches, metal–organic frameworks, heteronuclear-organic frameworks, polymeric membranes, molecule-based optical chemosensors etc. This article focuses on the detection of particular anions (F–, CN–, PO43–, SO42–, NO2–, S2-, Cl-) in aqueous medium using synthetic optical chemosensors as well as computational research to validate the detection method of anion in the aqueous media.