The Evolving Spectrum of Kidney Histology in HIV-Positive Patients in South Africa

Kidney International Reports(2023)

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摘要
As ART programs intensified and increasingly used TDF, the spectrum of kidney histology in PWH evolved from a predominance of HIVAN in the early ART era to TID in recent times. The increase in TID is likely due to multiple exposures that include TB, sepsis, and TDF as well as other insults.
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关键词
HIV,HIV-associated nephropathy,kidney failure,kidney histology,tuberculosis,tubulointerstitial disease
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