Differential protein response to different light quality conditions of industrial hemp cultivation based on DIA technology

Light quality plays a significant role in regulating plant growth, development, morphogenesis and physiological metabolism. Industrial hemp is a photophilic plant that is sensitive to light. Light quality directly affects the yield and quality of industrial hemp. In this study, ‘Yunma No.7′ was used as the experimental material, the light quality was regulated by a light-emitting diode (LED) light source, and Blue Light (BL) and Red Light (RL) with the best and worst promotional effects on growth, respectively, were set as the treatment conditions, with White Light (WL) used as a control. The physiological changes of industrial hemp under different light quality conditions were determined, and the protein stress mechanism of industrial hemp under different light quality conditions was analyzed using data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics technology. Through a liquid chromatography- electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis, 456 and 421 differentially expressed proteins were identified under RL and BL, respectively. Through a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, it was found that the differentially expressed proteins under RL and BL were significantly enriched in eight and four pathways, respectively. The growth of industrial hemp under BL(best light quality) was promoted mainly through the following mechanisms: enhancing the DNA repair capacity; synthesizing a large number of carotenoids to improve the photosynthetic rate; increasing the rate of auxin synthesis and starch accumulation; and accelerating lignification and plant nutrient absorption and utilization. The results provide a theoretical basis for light quality control in industrial hemp industrialization.