A data-driven multi-objective optimization framework for determining the suitability of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in freight transport

•Comparing BEV and HFCV from operational, economic, and environmental perspectives.•Proposing a data-driven and simulation-based multi-objective optimization method.•Using LCA to estimate GHG emissions and energy consumption in C2G life cycle.•Using a real-world trajectory dataset to quantify energy demand at the micro-scale.•Different combinations of fuel and facility have benefits and downsides.