Endobronchial actinomycosis in a child during COVID-19 pandemic

Actinomycosis is a rare, indolent and invasive infection caused by Actinomyces species. Pulmonary actinomycosis is very rarely seen in the paediatric population. The classic radiological presentation of thoracic involvement of actinomycosis includes lower lobe consolidation, empyema and periostitis of the ribs. We report a case of endobronchial pulmonary actinomycosis in a child diagnosed on endobronchial biopsy and broncho-alveolar lavage taken during bronchoscopy. Bronchoscopy can be dangerous when performed on these cases, as there is a risk of severe bleeding and large airway obstruction, as was the case with this patient.