Sensitive determination of 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in wastewater by solid-phase extraction with pre-column derivatization and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
ANALYTICAL METHODS(2023)
摘要
As the dangers of cannabis abuse draw attention worldwide, it is necessary to assess the level of consumption in the community. The analysis of 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) excreted in wastewater can provide information for a defined catchment area. Due to its hydrophobic nature and absence of ionizable groups, its detection is challenging. In this study, a highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the quantitative determination of THC-COOH in urban wastewater. The derivatization reagent 6-methylpyridine-3-sulfonyl chloride (MPS) with analyte-specific fragmentation was proven to be the most effective for improving sensitivity. Samples were extracted by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and satisfactory recovery was achieved (>79%) by adding acetonitrile to the samples for ultrasonic-assisted extraction before filtration. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.03 ng L-1 and 0.1 ng L-1, respectively, from a 40 mL sample. The established methodology was applied to profile the presence of THC-COOH in influent wastewater samples. It was shown that 20 out of the 252 samples contained THC-COOH and the concentrations were all below 1 ng L-1.
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关键词
sensitive determination,mass spectrometry,solid-phase,pre-column,chromatography-tandem
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