Investigation on the interactions of resinous and asphaltenic synthetic oils and silicon oxide nanoparticles stabilized by different ionic liquid-based surfactants: interfacial tension and wettability alteration studies

The effects of the main components of crude oil, especially resin and asphaltene fractions, are essential concerns for efficient enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes, especially during chemical injection processes. This importance comes from the nature of these two fractions which can act as surface active agents with undeniable effects on the used chemical for interfacial tension (IFT) reduction and wettability alteration. In this way, the effect of silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiO 2 -NPs) concomitant with two ionic liquids (ILs), namely 1-dodecyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([C 12 mim][Cl]) and 1-octadecyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([C 18 mim][Cl]), is investigated on the wettability alteration and IFT reduction using synthetic oils prepared by dissolving the extracted resin and asphaltene fractions with a concentration of 1–5 wt%. The measurements reveal that the effect of resin fraction is less than the asphaltene fraction for IFT reduction and wettability alteration. The sole presence of resin fraction reduces the IFT from 35.3 to 28.3 mN/m as the concentration is increased from 1 to 5 wt%, while a similar increase in the asphaltene fraction concentration reduces the IFT from 35.5 to 19.1 mN/m. Besides, the results reveal that the presence of [C 12 mim][Cl] in the range of 0–1000 ppm leads to a reduction in IFT from its maximum value of 35.3 to 0.81 mN/m, while in the case of [C 18 mim][Cl] with similar concentration variation, IFT is reduced from 35.3 to 0.7 which means the better effect of IL with longer chain length on the IFT reduction. Further analysis revealed that the effect of asphaltene fraction on the IFT is higher than resin fraction since the minimum IFT value was observed for [C 18 mim][Cl] with the value of 0.58 mN/m, while the contact angle (CA) values revealed revers effect for asphaltene fraction compared with the resin fraction. In general, regardless of the used IL, it seems that ILs leading to better wettability conditions which are crucial for EOR purposes and even better IFT values that can mobilize the trapped oil toward production points. Besides, further measurements revealed a positive effect of SiO 2 -NPs concomitant with the ILs to move the wettability toward the strongly water-wet condition with CA values of 29.2° and 28.3° for SiO 2 -NPs concentration of 1000 ppm and 1000 ppm of concentration for [C 12 mim][Cl] and [C 18 mim][Cl], respectively, for resinous synthetic oil (RSO) (5 wt%) while no meaningful effect regarding the SiO 2 -NPs presence at the different concentrations (100–2000 ppm) is found on the IFT reduction. A similar trend is observed for asphaltenic synthetic oil (5 wt%)/aqueous solution (SiO 2 -NPs with a concentration of 1000 ppm + ILs with a concentration of 1000 ppm) which reduces the CA to 26.3° and 37.8° for [C 12 mim][Cl] and [C 18 mim][Cl]), respectively.